Reactive Armor
Armor that reacts to the impact of a projectile, typically by detonating an explosive layer that disrupts incoming shaped-charge jets or deflects kinetic penetrators.
Reactive armor is a category of armor protection that responds dynamically to the impact of an incoming projectile rather than simply absorbing the blow passively. The most common form, Explosive Reactive Armor (ERA), uses tiles containing explosive material sandwiched between metal plates. When a shaped-charge jet strikes the tile, the explosive detonates, driving the plates outward and disrupting the penetration jet.
Reactive armor has evolved significantly since its introduction. First-generation ERA like Kontakt-1 was effective only against shaped-charge warheads. Second-generation systems like Kontakt-5 use heavier flyer plates that can deflect kinetic energy penetrators as well. The latest non-explosive reactive armor (NERA) uses rubber or inert materials between metal plates, achieving similar effects without the hazards of explosive elements, particularly the danger to nearby infantry.
Reactive armor is widely used because it provides a significant protection upgrade at a fraction of the weight and cost of equivalent passive armor. Soviet and Russian tanks have relied heavily on ERA to compensate for thinner base armor compared to Western designs. The technology continues to evolve, with researchers developing smart reactive armor that can sense the type of incoming threat and optimize its response accordingly.
Related Terms
ERA(Explosive Reactive Armor)
Explosive Reactive Armor consists of tiles containing explosive material that detonate outward when struck, disrupting the penetration jet of shaped-charge warheads.
Composite Armor
Multi-layered armor that combines different materials such as steel, ceramics, and polymers to provide superior protection against both kinetic penetrators and shaped-charge warheads.
APS(Active Protection System)
Active Protection System is a defensive system mounted on armored vehicles that detects and intercepts incoming anti-tank missiles and rockets before they strike.
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